In acute pyelonephritis, which nursing intervention is most important to support recovery?

• A. Increase fluid intake to 3 L/day
• B. Administer antipyretics regularly
• C. Limit activity to prevent fatigue
• D. Provide a high-protein diet to promote healing

Answer: (A)

Hydration is the key nursing action because keeping the patient well hydrated increases urine production, which helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract and supports kidney perfusion during infection. Adequate fluids also prevent dehydration from fever and help antibiotics work more effectively by ensuring the urinary system is flushed and less concentrated. A practical goal is about 3 liters of fluids per day if there are no contraindications, with careful monitoring of intake and output. Antipyretics may reduce fever and discomfort but don’t treat the infection itself. Rest is not inherently required beyond the patient’s comfort, and a high-protein diet isn’t the primary driver of recovery in acute pyelonephritis. Adjust for any cardiac or renal conditions and watch for signs of dehydration or worsening infection.